Debian standard system utilities 包含的软件
Debian 安装过程有个软件扩展选项，如下图。其中头两项 Debian desktop environment 与 … Xfce 是桌面相关软件包，最后 standard system utilities 是常用软件集。有些人可能会纠结是否应该安装，下面列出其具体安装软件清单，看完后你就有自己答案了。
软件包列表用 tasksel --task-packages standard 命令获取，需要在没有安装的系统上才能查询。下面分别列出在 Debian 8 和 Debian 9 上的查询结果。
如果是服务器使用，需要注意 SSH 默认没有开启，需要手动安装 openssh-server 软件包并修改配置文件允许密码登录。
Debian 9
系统环境信息：
Operating System: Debian GNU/Linux 9 (stretch) Kernel : Linux 4.9.0-9-amd64 Architecture : x86-64
standard system utilities 软件包安装列表：
| 软件包名 | 简短描述 |
|---|---|
| apt-listchanges | package change history notification tool |
| perl | Larry Wall’s Practical Extraction and Report Language |
| bind9-host | Version of ‘host’ bundled with BIND 9.X |
| libswitch-perl | switch statement for Perl |
| exim4-daemon-light | lightweight Exim MTA (v4) daemon |
| doc-debian | Debian Project documentation and other documents |
| man-db | on-line manual pager |
| netcat-traditional | TCP/IP swiss army knife |
| reportbug | reports bugs in the Debian distribution |
| exim4-config | configuration for the Exim MTA (v4) |
| mime-support | MIME files ‘mime.types’ & ‘mailcap’, and support programs |
| python | interactive high-level object-oriented language (default version) |
| gpgv1 | GNU privacy guard – signature verification tool (deprecated “classic” version) |
| dnsutils | Clients provided with BIND |
| bzip2 | high-quality block-sorting file compressor – utilities |
| python3-reportbug | Python modules for interacting with bug tracking systems |
| less | pager program similar to more |
| gnupg1 | GNU privacy guard – a PGP implementation (deprecated “classic” version) |
| exim4 | metapackage to ease Exim MTA (v4) installation |
| xz-utils | XZ-format compression utilities |
| exim4-base | support files for all Exim MTA (v4) packages |
| traceroute | Traces the route taken by packets over an IPv4/IPv6 network |
| python2.7 | Interactive high-level object-oriented language (version 2.7) |
| file | Recognize the type of data in a file using “magic” numbers |
| manpages | Manual pages about using a GNU/Linux system |
| host | Transitional package |
| liblockfile-bin | support binaries for and cli utilities based on liblockfile |
| procmail | Versatile e-mail processor |
| debian-faq | Debian Frequently Asked Questions |
| wamerican | American English dictionary words for /usr/share/dict |
| lsof | Utility to list open files |
| perl-modules-5.24 | Core Perl modules |
| bash-completion | programmable completion for the bash shell |
| hdparm | tune hard disk parameters for high performance |
| groff-base | GNU troff text-formatting system (base system components) |
| python-minimal | minimal subset of the Python language (default version) |
| libclass-isa-perl | report the search path for a class’s ISA tree |
| telnet | basic telnet client |
Debian 8
系统环境信息：
Operating System: Debian GNU/Linux 8 (jessie) Kernel : Linux 3.16.0-6-amd64 Architecture : x86-64
standard system utilities 软件包安装列表：
| 软件包名 | 简短描述 |
|---|---|
| exim4 | metapackage to ease Exim MTA (v4) installation |
| perl | Larry Wall’s Practical Extraction and Report Language |
| bind9-host | Version of ‘host’ bundled with BIND 9.X |
| bzip2 | high-quality block-sorting file compressor – utilities |
| time | GNU time program for measuring CPU resource usage |
| dnsutils | Clients provided with BIND |
| whois | intelligent WHOIS client |
| bash-completion | programmable completion for the bash shell |
| perl-modules | Core Perl modules |
| exim4-daemon-light | lightweight Exim MTA (v4) daemon |
| python-apt | Python interface to libapt-pkg |
| python2.7 | Interactive high-level object-oriented language (version 2.7) |
| texinfo | Documentation system for on-line information and printed output |
| libswitch-perl | switch statement for Perl |
| python-minimal | minimal subset of the Python language (default version) |
| rpcbind | converts RPC program numbers into universal addresses |
| install-info | Manage installed documentation in info format |
| dc | GNU dc arbitrary precision reverse-polish calculator |
| xz-utils | XZ-format compression utilities |
| aptitude-common | architecture independent files for the aptitude package manager |
| exim4-config | configuration for the Exim MTA (v4) |
| python-support | automated rebuilding support for Python modules |
| info | Standalone GNU Info documentation browser |
| mime-support | MIME files ‘mime.types’ & ‘mailcap’, and support programs |
| apt-listchanges | package change history notification tool |
| doc-debian | Debian Project documentation and other documents |
| aptitude | terminal-based package manager |
| python | interactive high-level object-oriented language (default version) |
| mlocate | quickly find files on the filesystem based on their name |
| python-reportbug | Python modules for interacting with bug tracking systems |
| liblockfile-bin | support binaries for and cli utilities based on liblockfile |
| bsd-mailx | simple mail user agent |
| w3m | WWW browsable pager with excellent tables/frames support |
| m4 | macro processing language |
| debian-faq | Debian Frequently Asked Questions |
| patch | Apply a diff file to an original |
| wamerican | American English dictionary words for /usr/share/dict |
| ftp | classical file transfer client |
| reportbug | reports bugs in the Debian distribution |
| bc | GNU bc arbitrary precision calculator language |
| at | Delayed job execution and batch processing |
| dbus | simple interprocess messaging system (daemon and utilities) |
| mutt | text-based mailreader supporting MIME, GPG, PGP and threading |
| exim4-base | support files for all Exim MTA (v4) packages |
| lsof | Utility to list open files |
| file | Determines file type using “magic” numbers |
| telnet | The telnet client |
| procmail | Versatile e-mail processor |
| libclass-isa-perl | report the search path for a class’s ISA tree |
| nfs-common | NFS support files common to client and server |
| host | Transitional package |
